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The Mayflower was an English fluta, or a type of merchant vessel, dating from the early 17th century. The ship was likely launched before 1609, and one of its owners was Christopher Jones. The Mayflower probably had a displacement of approximately 180-200 tons with a length of about 25-30 meters. The vessel likely did not possess permanent artillery armament.

The Mayflower became famous for its voyage between September and November 1620 between the city of Plymouth in England and present-day Plymouth in the United States. About 100 so-called Pilgrims, i.e., followers of Puritanism (one of the factions of the Anglican Church with visible Calvinist influence), were persecuted in their homeland. To avoid them, they decided to go to the New World and—however pitiful it sounds—start a completely new life, in accordance with their religious and ethical principles. Equally important, before disembarking, all the male participants in the expedition wrote the so-called Mayflower Compact, which is sometimes considered the very first written social contract and the ideological basis for the later American Constitution, although there are, of course, ongoing disputes on this matter among researchers of the subject. The fate of the Mayflower itself, however, is not entirely clear. It almost certainly returned to England in 1621 and was possibly decommissioned between 1622 and 1624. It is worth adding that a replica of the Mayflower was built in 1956.